Nutrition Trivia Questions — page 3
264 trivia questions with answers, all ages. Multiple-choice trivia with answers, sorted by topic and level. Reveal the answers below, pick one at random, or present them full-screen.
- 101.
Energy that is expended for standing at an office desk, walking to a file cabinet, and other office job-related activities is referred to the following energy expenditure component:
- AStructured (volitional) exercise activity thermogenesis
- BPhysical activity (non-resting) energy expenditure
- CBasal metabolic rate
- DNon-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)
Answer: Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) - 102.
Which of the following is not a reason for following a vegetarian diet?
- ATo reduce global carbon dioxide and methane emissions
- BNone of the options given are correct
- CFor better health
- DReligious belief
Answer: None of the options given are correct - 103.
Why might some biochemical (eg plasma or serum) indices of micronutrient status give misleading results in people with infections or inflammatory states?
- ABecause an acute phase reaction results in changes in inter-tissue distributions of certain micronutrients.
- BBecause some metabolic pathways are altered in sick people, which changes their micronutrient requirements.
- CBecause the accuracy of some laboratory assays may be compromised in samples from people who are sick.
- DBecause people who are sick often alter their diets, and may eat less food.
Answer: Because an acute phase reaction results in changes in inter-tissue distributions of certain micronutrients. - 104.
The following amino acids are all essential components of the diet:
- Aproline, tyrosine and serine
- Bleucine, methionine and threonine
- Cleucine, cysteine and glycine
- Dvaline, glycine and arginine
Answer: leucine, methionine and threonine - 105.
What is the best method to estimate changes in body fat during weight loss?
- ADXA
- BMRI
- CBMI
- DFour-compartment model
Answer: Four-compartment model - 106.
What is the energy need of a sedentary 43-year old woman who weighs 63 kg?
- A1800 kcal/day
- B1350 kcal/day
- C1525 kcal/day
- D1250 kcal/day
Answer: 1350 kcal/day - 107.
Which vitamin is required for vision in dim light?
- AVitamin E
- BVitamin D
- CVitamin A
- DVitamin K
Answer: Vitamin A - 108.
Bariatric surgery is used for obesity treatment but how much is the incidence of type 2 diabetes reduced in obese individuals after surgery?
- AApproximately 50 %
- BNone of the options given is correct
- CNo reduction in the incidence
- D80-90%
Answer: 80-90% - 109.
Which vitamins are most likely to be lacking in a vegan diet?
- AVitamin A
- BVitamin B12
- CFolate
- DVitamin B1
Answer: Vitamin B12 - 110.
Which of the following is not a non-coding RNA?
- ArRNA
- BmRNA
- CmiRNA
- DtRNA
Answer: mRNA - 111.
What is leptin resistance?
- ALack of leptin release from the adipose tissue
- BDeficiency of leptin caused by a mutation in the leptin gene
- CLow concentrations of leptin with increased energy intake
- DHigh concentrations of leptin without reduction in energy intake
Answer: High concentrations of leptin without reduction in energy intake - 112.
Which of the following will have the lowest glycaemic index?
- AApple juice
- BA raw potato
- CA raw apple
- DA baked apple
Answer: A raw potato - 113.
Which of the following statements about the protein requirement is correct
- AThe protein requirement can be less than the demand.
- BThe protein requirement is always the same as the demand.
- CThe protein requirement is equal to the demand divided by the efficiency of utilization.
- DThe protein requirement is equal to the demand multiplied by the efficiency of utilization.
Answer: The protein requirement is equal to the demand divided by the efficiency of utilization. - 114.
Toxicity and dose-response data from animal studies, together with data of which of the following types, are used to evaluate the safety of a food substance?
- AThe total amount of the substance a person will consume over a lifetime
- BThe daily intake of the substance by humans consuming the food
- CThe concentration of the substance in food
- DRates of consumption of the food to which the substance is added
Answer: The daily intake of the substance by humans consuming the food - 115.
The function of the gastrointestinal tract can be classified in several ways. Which of the following functions is most important for survival immediately after a meal?
- AElimination of toxins
- BMaintenance of barrier function
- CAbsorption and retention of water and electrolytes
- DExtraction of maximum value from nutrients
Answer: Absorption and retention of water and electrolytes - 116.
Calculate the body mass index (BMI) for a patient whose height is 1.75 m and whose weight is 99 kg.
- A39
- B32
- C43
- D29
Answer: 32 - 117.
Colonic microbiome:
- AMay be changed with consumption of oligo-saccharides
- BIs a cause of eosinopjhilic oesophagitis
- CIs present in babies in utero
- DIs easily changed by probiotic supplementation
Answer: May be changed with consumption of oligo-saccharides - 118.
The vitamins which are lost most readily during cooking are:
- Avitamin C and thiamin
- Bvitamin D and vitamin E
- Cvitamin E and niacin
- Driboflavin and vitamin C
Answer: vitamin C and thiamin - 119.
It is correct to state that for the treatment of Bulimia Nervosa:
- AIt is not useful to discuss weight with patients
- BFluoxetine is considered of benefit
- CTreatments should target exclusively on purging practices
- DThe first approach is to discuss body image
Answer: Fluoxetine is considered of benefit - 120.
What is the basic functional unit of skeletal muscle tissue?
- Athe sarcoplasmic reticulum
- Bthe myofibril
- Cthe muscle fibre
- Dthe sarcomere
Answer: the sarcomere - 121.
Which of the following is not considered a diagnostic feature of Anorexia Nervosa
- AFear of becoming fat
- BBody Image Distortion
- CDepressive symptoms
- DSignificant Weight Loss
Answer: Depressive symptoms - 122.
Which of the following is the most frequently used anthropometric measure to estimate body mass?
- AFat-free mass
- BBody height
- CBody weight
- DBody fat
Answer: Body weight - 123.
What the largest endogenous substrate source in the body?
- AAdipose tissue
- BMuscle glycogen
- CIntramuscular lipid
- DLiver glycogen
Answer: Adipose tissue - 124.
The pathogenesis of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes includes all the following mechanisms except for:
- ADecreased glucose uptake from the skeletal muscle
- BImpaired insulin secretion
- CIncreased glucose production by the liver
- DAll of the options given are correct
Answer: All of the options given are correct - 125.
What do flavonoids (polyphenols), including isoflavones (phytoestrogens), inositol phosphates (phytates), lignans (phytoestrogens), isothiocyanates, indoles, phenols and sulphides and thiols, have in common?
- AThey are all sources of fibre
- BThey are all nutrients
- CThey are all derived from plant foods
- DThey are all vitamins
Answer: They are all derived from plant foods - 126.
Which of the following foods might be considered a "goitrogen"?
- ARice
- BMeat
- CFish
- DBrassicas
Answer: Brassicas - 127.
Observational epidemiology studies have produced useful in identifying health effects of many food contaminants, but not for assessing risk, because:
- AControlled animal studies provide more reliable information
- BIt is never possible to know whether observed effects are caused by the contaminant
- CHuman exposure though food is usually much less than exposures that have been studied
- DReliable dose-response data are difficult to acquire and often unavailable
Answer: Reliable dose-response data are difficult to acquire and often unavailable - 128.
What is the immediate source of chemical energy that can be used by skeletal muscle tissue to allow muscle contraction?
- AADP
- Bglucose
- CATP
- DAMP
Answer: ATP - 129.
According to the recommendations for the nutritional management of patients with diabetes, the consumption of saturated fat should be:
- A<10% of total daily energy
- B<16%
- C<15%
- D<12%
Answer: <10% of total daily energy - 130.
Children who are obese should:
- AReduce their total energy intake, increase their activity level and reduce their screen time
- BEat more fruit and vegetables
- CFollow a different diet to the rest of the family
- DEat the same and take more exercise
Answer: Reduce their total energy intake, increase their activity level and reduce their screen time - 131.
Which of the following confirmed values meet the diagnostic threshold for diabetes?
- Arandom glucose > 160 mg/dl
- B2 hour post prandial glucose ≥ to 126 mg/dl
- Cfasting blood glucose ? 140 mg/dl
- Dfasting blood glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl
Answer: fasting blood glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl - 132.
Which single statement below, about the stomach, is actually correct?
- AGlands called Peyer's patches are responsible for acid secretion
- BAcid secretion occurs in response to secretion of the hormone, carbonic anhydrase
- CPepsinogen and gastric lipase are two enzymes secreted into the lumen of the stomach
- DThe vagus nerve inhibits acid secretion after a meal has been consumed
Answer: Pepsinogen and gastric lipase are two enzymes secreted into the lumen of the stomach - 133.
What endogenous substrate source provides the most energy during moderate to high intensity exercise?
- ALiver glycogen
- BAdipose tissue lipid
- CIntramuscular lipid
- DMuscle glycogen
Answer: Muscle glycogen - 134.
Which of the following statements about the diets and nutritional status of older people is correct?
- AReports suggest that older people consume less than the recommended contribution of fat to energy intake.
- BThere is little variation in the dietary intake between older people.
- COlder people generally have a lower energy intake than younger adults.
- DMultiple micronutrient deficiencies are widespread in older people in high-income countries.
Answer: Older people generally have a lower energy intake than younger adults. - 135.
Which of the following does not occur with increasing age?
- AImpaired immune function
- BA reduction in lean body mass
- CA reduction in bone density
- DAn increased appetite
Answer: An increased appetite - 136.
Which of the following will provide the main fuel for muscle contraction during short-term intense activity such as sprinting?
- AMuscle glycogen
- BPlasma triacylglycerol in VLDL
- CMuscle triacylglycerol
- DPlasma free fatty acids
Answer: Muscle glycogen - 137.
Which of the following is a function of vitamin B12?
- ASynthesis of methionine from homocysteine
- BSynthesis of TMP (thymidine monophosphate)
- CDecarboxylation of amino acids to form amine neurotransmitters
- DCarboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate
Answer: Synthesis of methionine from homocysteine - 138.
Eosinophilic oesophagitis
- ALeads to oesophageal diverticular
- BIs not due to allergy
- CMay cause oesopgageal obstruction
- DBenefits from antacid therapy
Answer: May cause oesopgageal obstruction - 139.
Food supplements, including trace minerals and vitamins are frequently advertised with promising health benefits. Which of the following substance could be consumed in excess, i.e. well above the recommended daily requirement?
- AVitamin C
- BVitamin D
- CZinc
- DVitamin A
Answer: Vitamin C - 140.
Which of the following statements about the digestibility of dietary proteins is correct?
- ADigestibility can only be measured at the terminal ileum
- BDigestibility can only be measured as faecal digestibility
- CThe digestibility of meat protein is less good compared with plant proteins.
- DThe digestibility of plant proteins is generally less good compared to animal proteins.
Answer: The digestibility of plant proteins is generally less good compared to animal proteins. - 141.
Which of the following statements about glycogen metabolism is correct?
- AA key step in the synthesis of glycogen is the formation of UDP-glucose
- BGlucagon increases the synthesis of glycogen
- CGlycogen is stored mainly in the liver and brain.
- DIn muscle in the fasting state, glycogen is broken down to glucose 6-phosphate, then free glucose.
Answer: A key step in the synthesis of glycogen is the formation of UDP-glucose - 142.
Which vitamin is a major lipid-soluble antioxidant in cell membranes?
- AVitamin E
- BVitamin A
- CVitamin K
- DVitamin D
Answer: Vitamin E - 143.
Which of the following statements about amino acid scoring for predicting protein quality in human nutrition is correct?
- ADifferent amino acid scoring patterns are used for different age groups.
- BThe amino acid score is calculated by comparing the amino acid pattern of the protein to that of egg protein.
- CThe amino acid score is calculated by comparing the amino acid pattern of the protein to that of milk protein.
- DA single reference pattern is used to calculate the amino acid score for all ages
Answer: Different amino acid scoring patterns are used for different age groups. - 144.
Which of the mechanisms below can explain why high protein diets are optimal for weight loss and weight maintenance?
- AA higher thermic effect of protein than carbohydrates and fats
- BPreservation of lean body mass
- CAll of the options above
- DSynergistic effect of GLP-1 and PYY on the appetite centres in the brain
Answer: All of the options above - 145.
Which of the following statements about proteolysis is correct?
- AAll proteins that are to be catabolised are tagged with the peptide ubiquitin.
- BThe rate of tissue protein catabolism is more or less constant throughout the day.
- CLysosomal enzymes provide the only mechanism for tissue protein catabolism.
- DAll tissue proteins undergo catabolism at more or less the same rate.
Answer: The rate of tissue protein catabolism is more or less constant throughout the day. - 146.
How many stages within the food supply chain can food availability and consumption be measured?
- A5
- B2
- C4
- D10
Answer: 5 - 147.
A deficiency of which vitamin has been associated with enamel defects and increased risk of dental caries?
- AFolic acid
- BVitamin D
- CVitamin A
- DVitamin C
Answer: Vitamin D - 148.
The UNICEF model of the causes of malnutrition identifies several levels of causes: immediate, underlying and basic. Which of the following is not one of the underlying causes in the UNICEF model?
- AInadequate care for mothers and children
- BInadequate access to food
- CInsufficient rainfall for agriculture
- DInsufficient health services and unhealthy environment
Answer: Insufficient rainfall for agriculture - 149.
Which of the following foods do not contain free sugars
- AAgave nectar
- BCows' milk
- CNatural unsweetened orange juice
- DHoney
Answer: Cows' milk - 150.
Cholesterol and fatty acids absorbed from the intestinal lumen are packaged into which types of lipoproteins and secreted from the enterocytes into the lymph?
- AChylomicrons and VLDL
- BVLDL and HDL
- CChylomicrons and HDL
- DHDL and LDL
Answer: Chylomicrons and HDL
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