Business Trivia Questions for College Students — page 2

Enhancement of job satisfaction and productivity are key characteristics of which theoretical perspective of work design?

• AJob characteristics model
• BProcess improvement
• CSocio-technical systems
• DTechno-structural change model

What is the main purpose of licensing public relations practitioners?

• ATo regulate access to posts in the field
• BTo achieve better wages for licensed practitioners
• CTo preserve the well-being of society
• DTo create an elite of public relations practitioners

What is the term for the set of behaviours and tasks that a member of the group is expected to perform because he or she is a member of the group?

• AGroup roles
• BVirtual teamwork
• CRole making
• DSynergy

Salespeople who view a situation as a customer sees it are exhibiting

• Acooperation
• Btolerance
• Cresponsibility
• Dempathy

This is something that at some time in the future may destabilize and/or reduce the potential performance of the organization.

• AOpportunities.
• BThreat.
• CStrength.
• DWeakness.

This is a form of targeted advertising, on websites, with advertisements selected and served by automated systems based on the content displayed to the user.

• ADirect marketing.
• BInternet advertising.
• CContextual advertising.
• DInteractive marketing.

What is the overriding philosophy underpinning the strategic direction of an organisation?

• AMission statement
• BVision statement
• CBusiness statement
• DStrategy statement

This form of marketing communications tool is referred to as 'a paid, mediated form of communication from an identifiable source, designed to persuade the receiver to take some action, now or in the future'. This is referred to as:

• APersonal selling.
• BPublicity.
• CPublic relations.
• DAdvertising.

This is the unpaid peer-to-peer communication of often provocative content originating from an identified sponsor using the Internet to persuade or influence an audience to pass along the content to others:

• AWord-of-mouth marketing.
• BDirect-response advertising.
• CViral marketing.
• DPeer-to-peer marketing.

When there is little or no personal contact between customer and service provider, this is classified as:

• AIntense-contact service.
• BHigh-contact service.
• CLow-contact service.
• DMedium-contact service.

According to Macnamara's (2005) pyramid of evaluation, at which stage are opinion polls most useful?

• AOutcomes
• BInputs
• COuttakes
• DOutputs

To what does emotional intelligence refer?

• AHow people view and understand others.
• BHow people view and understand the world.
• CHow people view and understand themselves and others.
• DHow people view and understand themselves.

Tobacco advertising is now banned in virtually all marketing communication forms in many countries around the world. This can be explained as an influence of:

• ATechnological environment.
• BEcological environment.
• CEconomic environment.
• DLegal environment.

Newsletters, catalogues, and invitations to organization-sponsored events are most closely associated with the marketing mix activity of:

• APricing.
• BDistribution.
• CPromotion.
• DProduct development.

Four competing philosophies strongly influence the role of marketing and marketing activities within an organization. Which if the following is not a component of market orientation?

• ACustomer orientation.
• BCompetitor orientation.
• CInterfunctional coordination.
• DProfitability orientation.

Which of the three following organisational characteristics of small businesses tend to characterise their engagement with business related issues?

• ABureaucratic and formal organisational structure, lack of organisational resources, conflicts of interest
• BLack of organisational resources, size and complexity, owner and family member influence
• CSize and complexity, owner and family member influence on the organisation, shareholder and stakeholder power
• DInformal relationships, owner and family member influence on the organisation, lack of organisational resources

CSO's frequently spend too much time communicating their performance measures and too much time devising them with input from beneficiaries.

• A1,2,3,4
• B1,3
• C2,3
• D3,4

Subjection to emotional exploitation.

• A1,3,4
• B2,3,4
• C1,2,4
• D1,2,3,4,5

Approximately what proportion of nonprofit sector practitioners conduct audience research?

• AOne-quarter
• BOne-half
• CTwo thirds
• DAlmost all

What is the term for an organisation that adapts to changes in the environment by quickly responding to shifts in supply and demand conditions?

• AEnterprising organisation
• BAgile organisation
• COpportunistic organisation
• DInternational organisation

Which of the following types of tests is designed primarily to help predict how successful a person is likely to be in learning new skills?

• AAptitude
• BPersonality
• CAchievement
• DInterest

What is T-group training?

• ATeam building activities involving learning
• BA group whose aim is transformational change
• CA group brought together to deliver training programmes
• DTeam training for the purposes of advancing technology

The process of identifying publics who are involved and affected by a situation central to an organization is called a(n)

• Acommunication audit
• Bsituation interview
• Cstakeholder analysis
• Dexploratory survey

Which of the following is the communication model that depicts information flowing via various media channels, to particular types of people, to whom other members of the audience refer for information and guidance?

• AThree-step.
• BOne-step.
• CTwo-step.
• DMulti-step.

The single group within society that is most vulnerable to reference group influence is:

• AThe older consumer who feels somewhat left out of things.
• BChildren, who base most of their buying decisions on outside influences.
• CThe married women, many of whom feel a need for stability in their lives.
• DNew immigrants who really want to assimilate into their new culture.

How the code is enforced.

• A1,3,4
• B1,2,4
• C1,2,3
• D2,3,4

What is not a purpose of an organisational structure?

• ATo limit workers' rights
• BTo organise lines of communication
• CTo formalise authority
• DTo coordinate people and resources

The family life cycle:

• ARefers to the process of family formation and dissolution.
• BIs a way to apply psychographic segmentation.
• CIs composed of the 11 stages of personal growth from infancy to retirement.
• DProvides insights into the relationships among age, occupation, income, and housing.

Information collected for the first time specifically for a marketing research study is called:

• APrimary research.
• BSecondary research.
• CExperimental research.
• DSoft research.

In which era did muckraking journalism led to the widespread introduction of public relations in business?

• ARoosevelt Era, 1930 - 1945
• BBooming Twenties Era, 1919 - 1929
• CPostwar Era, 1945 - 1965
• DSeedbed Era, 1900 ' 1917

Vertical integration forwards is when a firm mergers or acquires another

• AAt the same stage of the supply chain
• BIn another industry
• CTowards the consumer
• DTowards the source of supply

In the history of marketing, when did the production period end?

• AIn the late 1800s.
• BAfter the end of the Second World War.
• CIn the 1920s.
• DIn the early 1900s.

Who argued that if an organization did not affect a public then there was no need for a practitioner to consider that public in its communications?

• AAmaral and Phillips (2010)
• BLeitch and Neilson (2001)
• CGrunig and Hunt (1984)
• DCutlip (2006)

What two elements do the planning models of Hendrix (2002), Kendall (1999), Merston (1963) and Parkinson and Ekachai (2006) have in common?

• AResearch and evaluation
• BStrategy and evaluation
• CStrategy and implementation
• DObjectives and implementation

What are the two main dimensions of the Ohio Studies into leadership?

• AStarting position and end position
• BInitiating structure and considerations
• COrganisational structure and conditioning
• DInitial environment and changed environment

Which type of shop offers a range of grocery and household items that cater for last-minute purchase needs of consumers?

• ASupermarkets.
• BCategory-killer stores.
• CConvenience stores.
• DLimited line retailers.

Which of these definitions best describes the 'spiral of silence'?

• AWhen victims of abuse remain silent about the abuse
• BWhen people hide their opinions if they are in disagreement with their close peers or family members
• CWhen public relations uses opinion poll results to generate support for a particular issue
• DWhen people hide their opinions if they do not agree with the majority

Workers' acceptance of change is characteristic of what type of culture?

• ACollaborative culture
• BGroup culture
• CCollective culture
• DTeam culture

According Carroll what four categories or aspects can corporate social responsibility be broken down into?

• AEconomic, Legal, Ethical and Environmental
• BEconomic, Legal, Cultural and Philanthropic
• CEconomic, Legal, Ethical and Philanthropic
• DPolitical, Legal, Ethical and Philanthropic

When does an acquisition take place?

• ATwo equal partners decide to work together.
• BTwo unequal partners become one after a buyout.
• CTwo equal partners share resources.
• DTwo unequal partners join together.

There are three basic types of persuasive advertising campaigns. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

• AResult-oriented
• BIdea-oriented
• CProduct-oriented
• DPerson-oriented

What is a paradigm?

• AA theoretical assumption
• BA theoretical model
• CAn illustration
• DAn example serving as a model

To be effective, the process of market segmentation must meet which of the following basic requirements?

• AThe market segment must reflect the population's changing attitudes and lifestyles.
• BThe firm must avoid focusing on non-variables such as profitability and volume.
• CThe company must expand beyond its marketing capabilities to capture growing markets.
• DThe market segment must have measurable purchasing power and size.

What term can be used to describe 'the hypothetical agreement between member of society and those who govern it which establishes the inter-relationships, rights and responsibilities on a fair basis'?

• ADuty Ethics
• BVirtue Ethics
• CConsequentialism
• DSocial Contract

Which law restricts corporate communications for publicly traded companies before and during the period that new securities are being registered?

• AInvestment Company Act of 1934
• BSarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
• CInvestment Advisers Act of 1940
• DSecurities Act of 1933

Which of the following elements is not part of Porter's Five Forces model for industry competitiveness?

• AThreat from government.
• BThreat of substitutes.
• CThreat of suppliers.
• DPower of buyers.

What are major reasons why organizations retain outside public relations counsel?

• AThey offer flexibility of talents and skills.
• BThey bring greater credibility to the work.
• CThey can provide more attention and detail to a project that in-house staff.
• DThey will provide sound ROI on the project or program.

Types of non-random samples include:

• ARandom and cluster samples.
• BStratified and convenience samples.
• CCluster and convenience samples.
• DConvenience and quota samples.

What characteristic is not a key feature of the 'open systems' model of management?

• AAdaptation
• BGrowth resource
• CMorale
• DInnovation

Which of the following means placing your product or service in as many outlets or locations as possible, in order to maximize the opportunity for customers to find the good or service?

• ADirect distribution.
• BExclusive distribution.
• CSelective distribution.
• DIntensive distribution.