Biology Trivia Questions for College Students — page 6

Which of the following is not a chromosome instability syndrome?

• ABloom syndrome
• BKlinefelter syndrome
• CFanconi anaemia
• DAtaxia telangiectasia

Approximately what fraction of the human genome encodes proteins?

• A2%
• B50%
• C90%
• D25%

A gene showing codominance

• Ahas alleles tightly linked on the same chromosome
• Bhas one allele dominant to the other
• Chas both alleles independently expressed in the heterozygote
• Dhas alleles expressed at the same time in development

The thoracic cage is a structural unit important for which of the following functions?

• AMentation
• BMenstruation
• CAlimentation
• DRespiration

Assuming Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the genoypte frequency of heterozygotes, if the frequency of the two alleles at the gene being studied are 0.6 and 0.4, will be:

• A0.48
• B0.64
• C0.32
• D0.8

Oxygenated blood is carried to the heart by which of the following structures?

• APulmonary veins
• BCarotid arteries
• CInferior vena cava
• DAorta

In chloroplasts, a certain protein is found in the lumen of the thylakoid (thylakoid space). It is transcribed in the nucleus and synthesized on cytoplasmic ribosomes. How many membrane bilayers must this protein cross to reach its final location?

• ATwo
• BFour
• CThree
• DOne

Which of the following best describes the human body's defense mechanism against environmental bacteria?

• AMucous membranes
• BOsteoblasts
• CSaliva
• DHair in the nose

When an influenza virus enters a cell, it immediately starts to do which of the following?

• AReplicate its genetic material and synthesize viral proteins
• BDestroy the host cell's transcriptional machinery
• CUse a viral copy of reverse transcriptase to manufacture viral DNA
• DIncorporate viral DNA into the host cell's chromosome

Which of the following is a biological attribute that would most likely allow a species to become cosmopolitan in distribution?

• AK-selected reproductive rate
• BLimited dispersal abilities
• CCapacity for long-distance dispersal
• DExtreme habitat specialization

Which of the following adaptations would limit pollination by bees and promote hummingbird pollination?

• AModified petals to provide a landing space
• BNectar with high sugar concentration produced in limited amounts
• CPendant (hanging) red-colored flowers
• DPatterns of ultraviolet color on the petals

Primary motor cortex activity results in

• Acontraction of ipsilateral limb musculature.
• Bbilateral contraction of limb musculature.
• Cbilateral contraction of antigravity limb muscles.
• Dcontraction of contralateral limb musculature.

Which of the following is an example of monosomy?

• A69,XYY
• B46,XX
• C45,X
• D47,XXX

During swallowing the

• Agag reflex is suspended.
• Brima glottis opens.
• Ccricopharyngeus muscle contracts.
• Dauditory tube opens.

Cellular uptake of cholesterol occurs through internalization of low density lipoproteincholesterol complexes. Cholesterol uptake involves all of the following EXCEPT

• Areceptor-mediated endocytosis
• Badhesion plaques
• Cendosome formation
• Dcell-surface receptors

The sight organs of crustaceans and insects contain ommatidia, which make up the individual visual units of the

• Asimple eye
• Bcompound eye
• Cbinocular eye
• Deyespot

A patient suffers a CVA in the area of the left internal capsule conveying motor neurons to the right leg. The patient's leg will exhibit

• Aflaccid paralysis.
• Bhyporeflexia.
• Cspastic paralysis.
• Dtremor.

A fluorescent molecule of 1,000 daltons injected into one cell is observed to enter an adjacent cell by passing through a

• Atight junction
• Bbelt desmosome
• Cgap junction
• Dspot desmosome

Keystone species are thought to have profound effects on the structure and composition of ecological communities because they

• Acan prevent superior competitors from driving inferior competitors to local extinction
• Bare more abundant than most other species in their communities
• Ctend to reduce diversity by eliminating food resources for other species
• Dprovide the foundation for food webs

Which of the following is the best explanation for why net primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems tends to increase toward the tropics?

• AThe tropics have more predators that minimize herbivory.
• BThe availability of water and warm temperatures in the tropics fosters photosynthesis.
• CThe higher species diversity in the tropics tends to increase plant growth.
• DThere are lower metabolic costs to plant growth in the tropics.

In eukaryotic photosynthetic cells, which of the following occurs when electrons flow cyclically through the electron transport chain associated with photosystem I?

• ARelease of O2
• BSynthesis of ATP
• CReduction of CO2 to sugar
• DReduction of NADP+ to NADPH

Simple tandem repeat polymorphisms in humans are most useful for

• Asolving criminal and paternity cases
• Bestimating relationships of humans and Neanderthals
• Ctransferring disease resistance factors into bone marrow cells
• Dreconstructing the relationships of humans and chimps.

The section of chromosome that serves as the site of attachment by the mitotic spindle during cell division is the

• Akinetochore
• Bchromomere
• Ccentriole
• Dchromatophore

A patient suffers damage to the orbit in a road traffic incident resulting in damage to the third cranial nerve. Which of the following signs will be present?

• APupillary constriction and a lateral strabismus
• BPupillary constriction and a medial strabismus
• CPupillary dilatation and a medial strabismus
• DPupillary dilatation and a lateral strabismus

Which of the following statements about Hirschsprung disease is incorrect?

• AIt shows an association with Down syndrome.
• BRecurrence risks are greater for long segment disease than for short segment disease.
• CRET is a major susceptibility gene.
• DIt is more common in girls than in boys.

Laryngeal oedema is usually confined to the larynx above the vocal folds because

• Athe mucosa above the vocal folds is more vascular than that below the vocal folds.
• Bthere are numerous mucous glands in the vestibular folds.
• Cfluid will drain rapidly into the thorax below the vocal folds.
• Dthe mucosa covering the vocal folds is tightly attached to underlying tissues.

Which of the following conditions is characterized by incompetence of the esophageal sphincter?

• AEsophageal varices
• BCrohn's disease
• CGastroesophageal reflux disease
• DPyloric stenosis

Tonsillar tissue is commonly found

• Abetween the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds.
• Bunder the mucosa of the ventral surface of the tongue.
• Cat all three sites.
• Don the posterior wall of the oropharynx.

Which of the following is the most direct cause of polyteny in somatic cells of certain organisms?

• AChromosome replication without cell division
• BRNA transcription
• CChromosome recombination
• DSupercoiling of chromatin

Which of the following allows gas exchange in the lungs?

• ACapillaries
• BAlveoli
• CBronchi
• DBronchioles

DNA ligase is

• Aan enzyme that joins fragments in normal DNA replication
• Ban enzyme of bacterial origin which cuts DNA at defined base sequences
• Can enzyme that facilitates transcription of specific genes
• Dan enzyme which limits the level to which a particular nutrient reaches

Which of the following statements about fungi is NOT true?

• AMost are filamentous.
• BSome are photosynthetic.
• CThey all have rigid cell walls.
• DThey all are eukaryotic.

Which of the following statements about mitochondria and chloroplasts is generally true?

• APlants have chloroplasts but no mitochondria; fungi have mitochondria but no chloroplasts.
• BPlants and fungi have chloroplasts but no mitochondria; animals have only mitochondria.
• CPlants have chloroplasts but no mitochondria; animals have mitochondria but no chloroplasts.
• DPlants have both chloroplasts and mitochondria; animals and fungi have only mitochondria.

Which of the following is the symplastic pathway for the movement of sucrose from the site of photosynthesis in mesophyll cells into the phloem?

• ABundle sheath, phloem parenchyma, companion cell, sieve tube
• BCompanion cells, phloem parenchyma, fibers, sieve tube
• CFibers, phloem parenchyma, companion cell, sieve tube
• DPhloem parenchyma, fibers, bundle sheath, tracheids

Which of the following factors does NOT promote linkage disequilibrium?

• ACoadapted gene complexes
• BAsexual reproduction
• CEpistasis
• DRandom mating

The infraorbital nerve

• Ais a terminal branch of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve.
• Bcarries parasympathetic secretomotor neurons to the lacrimal gland.
• Cinnervates the inferior part of the orbicularis oculi muscle.
• Dis a terminal branch of the maxillary branch of the facial nerve.

Mutations which occur in body cells which do not go on to form gametes can be classified as:

• Asomatic mutations
• Bauxotrophic mutations
• Cmorphological mutations
• Doncogenes

The mutation in sickle-cell disease consists of:

• Aa deletion.
• Ba point mutation.
• Can insertion.
• Da duplication.

A nonsense mutation involves:

• Athe creation of a different amino acid.
• Ban AG splice acceptor site.
• Cthe creation of a stop codon.
• Da regulatory sequence.

Calcium, potassium, and sodium are classified as which of the following?

• AEstrogens
• BElectrolytes
• CCatecholamines
• DAndrogens

How do cyanobacteria differ from green unicellular algae?

• ACyanobacteria have no nuclei.
• BCyanobacteria lack cell walls.
• CCyanobacteria reduce sulfur compounds.
• DGreen algae produce cell membranes.

Pharyngeal mucosa is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerves because it develops from the

• Athird pharyngeal arch.
• Bfourth pharyngeal arch.
• Cfirst pharyngeal arch.
• Dsecond pharyngeal arch.

Which of the following disorders does not show X-linked inheritance?

• AHaemophilia B
• BTay-Sachs disease
• CDuchenne muscular dystrophy
• DHaemophilia A

Which of the following is not a recognized complication of cystic fibrosis?

• ADiabetes mellitus
• BLiver cirrhosis
• CCongenital absence of the vas deferens
• DCancer of the oesophagus

Which of the following is a substance that aids the transmission of nerve impulses to the muscles?

• AAcetylcholine
• BOxytocin
• CCholecystokinin
• DDeoxyribose

The spheno-occipital synchondrosis

• Ainfluences the position of the viscerocranium.
• Bceases activity at 7 years of age.
• Cis a secondary growth cartilage.
• Dcan be reactivated in patients affected by acromegaly.

Which of the following genes conveys susceptibility for polygenic Alzheimer disease?

• APS2
• BPS1
• CAPOE
• DAPP

In which of the following positions does a patient lie face down?

• ALateral
• BDorsal
• CErect
• DProne

The process in which pioneer species colonize a bare substrate such as rock, sand, or glacial till is known as

• Aweathering
• Bsecondary succession
• Cstabilizing succession
• Dprimary succession

Which of the following findings on prenatal ultrasound examination would not raise suspicion of a chromosome abnormality?

• ADuodenal atresia
• BHydrops fetalis
• CMonozygotic twins
• DHoloprosencephaly