Computer Trivia Questions for College Students — page 4

Which of the following is not a sentence that is generated by the grammar A -> BC, B -> x|Bx, C -> B|D, D -> y|Ey, E -> z?

• Axy
• Bxxzy
• Cxyz
• Dxxxxy

Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) belongs to which Internet Security Protocol?

• ASecure Socket Layer Protocol
• BSecure IP Protocol
• CTransport Layer Security Protocol
• DSecure Http Protocol

To achieve an 0/1 loss estimate that is less than 1 percent of the true 0/1 loss (with probability 95%), according to Hoeffding's inequality the IID test set must have how many examples?

• Abetween 100 and 500 examples
• Baround 10 examples
• Cmore than 1000 examples
• Daround 100 examples

Man in the middle attack can endanger the security of Diffie Hellman method if two parties are not

• ASubmitted
• BJoined
• CShared
• DAuthenticated

Message authentication is a service beyond

• AMessage Integrity
• BMessage Condentiality
• CMessage Sending
• DMessage Splashing

The numerical output of a sigmoid node in a neural network:

• AIs unbounded, encompassing all integers.
• BIs bounded between 0 and 1.
• CIs bounded between -1 and 1.
• DIs unbounded, encompassing all real numbers.

What is the dimensionality of the null space of the following matrix? A = [[1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1]]

• A0
• B3
• C1
• D2

Statement 1| Layer Normalization is used in the original ResNet paper, not Batch Normalization. Statement 2| DCGANs use self-attention to stabilize training.

• ATrue, True
• BFalse, True
• CFalse, False
• DTrue, False

Statement 1| The values of the margins obtained by two different kernels K1(x, x0) and K2(x, x0) on the same training set do not tell us which classifier will perform better on the test set. Statement 2| The activation function of BERT is the GELU.

• ATrue, True
• BTrue, False
• CFalse, False
• DFalse, True

Can we build a secure PRP from a secure PRG?

• AIt depends on the underlying PRG
• BNo, it cannot be done
• CYes, just plug the GGM PRF into the Luby-Rackoff theorem
• DOption text

Suppose it takes 1 second to factor a general 100 x 100 matrix using Gaussian elimination. Of the following, which is the best estimate of the number of seconds it will take to factor a 500 x 500 matrix based on the relative dimensions?

• A5
• B10
• C125
• D25

Statement 1| ImageNet has images of various resolutions. Statement 2| Caltech-101 has more images than ImageNet.

• ATrue, False
• BFalse, False
• CFalse, True
• DTrue, True

Statement 1| The BLEU metric uses precision, while the ROGUE metric uses recall. Statement 2| Hidden markov models were frequently used to model English sentences.

• ATrue, False
• BTrue, True
• CFalse, False
• DFalse, True

Let f(X) = if x = 1 then 0 else [x * f(x - 1) + x**2]. The value of f(4) is

• A53
• B100
• C29
• D50

A and B are two events. If P(A, B) decreases while P(A) increases, which of the following is true?

• AP(B|A) decreases
• BP(A|B) decreases
• CP(B) decreases
• DAll of above

Sometimes the object module produced by a compiler includes information (from the symbol table) mapping all source program names to their addresses. The most likely purpose of this information is

• Afor the reduction of the symbol-table space needed by the compiler
• Bfor use as input to a debugging aid
• Cto tell the loader where each variable belongs
• Dto increase the run-time efficiency of the program

In building a linear regression model for a particular data set, you observe the coefficient of one of the features having a relatively high negative value. This suggests that

• AThis feature has a strong effect on the model (should be retained)
• BThis feature does not have a strong effect on the model (should be ignored)
• CNothing can be determined.
• DIt is not possible to comment on the importance of this feature without additional information

The number of test examples needed to get statistically significant results should be _

• AIt does not matter.
• BLarger if the error rate is smaller.
• CLarger if the error rate is larger.
• DSmaller if the error rate is smaller.

Which among the following is the least strong security encryption standard?

• AWPA3
• BWEP
• CWPA
• DWPA2

Which of the following decimal numbers has an exact representation in binary notation?

• A0.2
• B0.1
• C0.5
• D0.3

Suppose that a certain software product has a mean time between failures of 10,000 hours and has a mean time to repair of 20 hours. If the product is used by 100 customers, what is its availability?

• A99.80%
• B90%
• C80%
• D98%

You've just finished training a decision tree for spam classification, and it is getting abnormally bad performance on both your training and test sets. You know that your implementation has no bugs, so what could be causing the problem?

• AYour decision trees are too shallow.
• BYou are overfitting.
• CYou need to increase the learning rate.
• DNone of the above.

Which of the following is the name of the data structure in a compiler that is responsible for managing information about variables and their attributes?

• ASemantic Stack
• BAbstract Syntax Tree (AST)
• CAttribute Grammar
• DSymbol Table

Which of the following is true of a convolution kernel?

• AConvolving an image with $\begin{bmatrix}1 & 0 & 0\\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ would not change the image
• BConvolving an image with $\begin{bmatrix}1 & 1 & 1\\ 1 & 1 & 1 \\ 1 & 1 & 1 \end{bmatrix}$ would not change the image
• CConvolving an image with $\begin{bmatrix}0 & 0 & 0\\ 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \end{bmatrix}$ would not change the image
• DConvolving an image with $\begin{bmatrix}0 & 0 & 0\\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \end{bmatrix}$ would not change the image

Which of the following sets of bit strings CANNOT be described with a regular expression?

• AAll bit strings whose number of zeros is a multiple of five
• BAll bit strings with an even number of zeros
• CAll bit strings with more ones than zeros
• DAll bit strings starting with a zero and ending with a one

What are support vectors?

• AAll the examples that have a non-zero weight αk in a SVM.
• BThe examples farthest from the decision boundary.
• CThe only examples necessary to compute f(x) in an SVM.
• DThe data centroid.

Statement 1| VGGNets have convolutional kernels of smaller width and height than AlexNet's first-layer kernels. Statement 2| Data-dependent weight initialization procedures were introduced before Batch Normalization.

• AFalse, True
• BFalse, False
• CTrue, False
• DTrue, True

What tool can be used to perform SNMP enumeration?

• AIP Network Browser
• BWhois
• CNslookup
• DDNSlookup

Statement 1| Industrial-scale neural networks are normally trained on CPUs, not GPUs. Statement 2| The ResNet-50 model has over 1 billion parameters.

• ATrue, True
• BTrue, False
• CFalse, True
• DFalse, False

Which of the following is/are true regarding an SVM?

• AFor two dimensional data points, the separating hyperplane learnt by a linear SVM will be a straight line.
• BFor every kernel function used in a SVM, one can obtain an equivalent closed form basis expansion.
• COverfitting in an SVM is not a function of number of support vectors.
• DIn theory, a Gaussian kernel SVM cannot model any complex separating hyperplane.

Suppose we define h(H, m) = E(m, H)h(H,m)=E(m,H). Then the resulting h(\cdot,\cdot)h(⋅,⋅) is not collision resistant: to build a collision (H,m)(H,m) and (H',m')(H',m') choose random (H,m,m')(H,m,m') and construct H'H' as follows:

• AH'=E(m',D(m,H))
• BH'=D(m', E(m,H))
• CH'=D(m',D(m,H))
• DH'=E(m',E(m,H))

A major advantage of direct mapping of a cache is its simplicity. The main disadvantage of this organization is that

• Ait is more expensive than other types of cache organizations
• Bit does not allow simultaneous access to the intended data and its tag
• Cthe cache hit ratio is degraded if two or more blocks used alternately map onto the same block frame in the cache
• Dits access time is greater than that of other cache organizations

What are the port states determined by Nmap?

• AOpen, filtered, unfiltered
• BOpen, half-open, closed
• CActive, closed, unused
• DActive, inactive, standby

Of the following, which best approximates the ratio of the number of nonterminal nodes to the total number of nodes in a complete K-ary tree of depth N?

• AK-1/K
• Blog_10 (1/N)
• CN-1/m
• D1/K

In the Internet Protocol (IP) suite of protocols, which of the following best describes the purpose of the Address Resolution Protocol?

• ATo determine the IP address of a given host name
• BTo determine the hardware address of a given IP address
• CTo translate Web addresses to host names
• DTo determine the hardware address of a given host name

The digest created by a hash function is normally called a

• AMessage authentication control
• BModify authentication connection
• CMessage authentication cipher
• DModication detection code (MDC)

For Kernel Regression, which one of these structural assumptions is the one that most affects the trade-off between underfitting and overfitting:

• AWhether we use Euclidian versus L1 versus L∞ metrics
• BWhether kernel function is Gaussian versus triangular versus box-shaped
• CThe kernel width
• DThe maximum height of the kernel function

Which of the following sorting algorithms has average-case and worst-case running times of O(n log n)?

• AMerge sort
• BQuicksort
• CInsertion sort
• DBubble sort

Any set of Boolean operators that is sufficient to represent all Boolean expressions is said to be complete. Which of the following is NOT complete?

• A{AND, NOT}
• B{NOT, OR}
• C{NAND}
• D{AND, OR}

If p(x) is the minimal-degree interpolating polynomial for the real-valued function f(x) at the n + 1 distinct real numbers x0, .... xn what is the maximum possible degree of p(x)?

• An
• Bn + 2
• C2n
• Dn + 1

Which of the following is true of mutation-based fuzzing?

• AIt generates each different input by modifying a prior input
• BIt only makes sense for file-based fuzzing, not network-based fuzzing
• CEach input is mutation that follows a given grammar
• DIt works by making small mutations to the target program to induce faults

Public key encryption is advantageous over Symmetric key Cryptography because of

• AKey exchange
• BKey length
• CSpeed
• DSpace

Which of the following is more appropriate to do feature selection?

• ALasso
• Bboth (a) and (b)
• Cneither (a) nor (b)
• DRidge

Which of the following styles of fuzzer is more likely to explore paths covering every line of code in the following program?

• AMutation-based
• BBlackbox
• CWhitebox
• DGenerational

A digital signature needs a

• AShared-key system
• BAll of them
• CPublic-key system
• DPrivate-key system

As the number of training examples goes to infinity, your model trained on that data will have:

• ANone of the above
• BHigher variance
• CSame variance
• DLower variance

What is penetration testing?

• AA security-minded form of unit testing that applies early in the development process
• BA procedure for testing libraries or other program components for vulnerabilities
• CWhole-system testing for security flaws and bugs
• DAll of the above

What would you do in PCA to get the same projection as SVD?

• ATransform data to zero median
• BNot possible
• CNone of these
• DTransform data to zero mean

_ refers to a model that can neither model the training data nor generalize to new data.

• Aoverfitting
• Bunderfitting
• Call of the above
• Dgood fitting

Neural networks:

• ACan use a mix of different activation functions
• BOptimize a convex objective function
• CNone of the above
• DCan only be trained with stochastic gradient descent