Biology Trivia Questions — page 2

The frequency of a particular allele in a population of 1,000 birds in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is 0.3. If the population remains in equilibrium, what would be the expected frequency of that allele after 500 years?

• AIt will increase if the allele is favorable or will decrease if it is unfavorable for individuals in that population.
• BNot enough information is provided to determine if the frequency of the allele will remain the same or change.
• CThe frequency of the allele will remain the same; this is an example of the bottleneck effect.
• DThe frequency of the allele will remain at 0.3 because the population is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

You suspect that your patient has an enlarged submandibular salivary gland. You expect the enlarged gland

• Ato be palpable intraorally..
• Bto be palpable extraorally.
• Conly to be detectable by radiographical examination.
• Dto be palpable both intra- and extraorally.

Large triplet repeat expansions can be detected by:

• ASouthern blotting.
• Bpolymerase chain reaction.
• Csingle strand conformational polymorphism analysis.
• DWestern blotting.

Natural selection is based on all of the following except

• Agenetic variation exists within populations.
• Bindividuals adapt to their environments and, thereby, evolve.
• Cthe best-adapted individuals tend to leave the most offspring.
• Dindividuals who survive longer tend to leave more offspring than those who die young.

According to the heterotroph hypothesis, which event had to occur before oxygen filled the atmosphere?

• AHeterotrophs had to remove carbon dioxide from the air.
• BHeterotrophs had to evolve.
• CAutotrophs had to convert atmospheric nitrogen to nitrate.
• DAutotrophs, which make their own food, had to evolve.

A patient has a fracture in which the radius is bent but not displaced, and the skin is intact. This type of fracture is known as which of the following?

• AComplex, comminuted
• BClosed, greenstick
• CCompound, transverse
• DOpen, spiral

Which of the following represents an idea that Darwin learned from the writings of Thomas Malthus?

• AEarth changed over the years through a series of catastrophic upheavals.
• BThe environment is responsible for natural selection.
• CPopulations tend to increase at a faster rate than their food supply normally allows.
• DAll species are fixed in the form in which they are created.

A chemical agent is found to denature all enzymes in the synaptic cleft. What effect will this agent have on acetylcholine?

• AAcetylcholine will not be released from the presynaptic membrane.
• BAcetylcholine will not diffuse across the cleft to the postsynaptic membrane.
• CAcetylcholine will not be degraded in the synaptic cleft.
• DAcetylcholine will not bind to receptor proteins on the postsynaptic membrane.

All of the following are examples of events that can prevent interspecific breeding EXCEPT

• Athe potential mates experience behavioral isolation
• Bthe potential mates have different courtship rituals
• Cthe potential mates have similar breeding seasons
• Dthe potential mates experience geographic isolation

Hemoglobin is a molecule that binds to both O2 and CO2. There is an allosteric relationship between the concentrations of O2 and CO2. Hemoglobin's affinity for O2

• Aincreases in exercising muscle tissue
• Bdecreases as blood pH decreases
• Cdecreases as CO2 concentration decreases
• Dincreases as H+ concentration increases

Which of the following is not a way to form recombinant DNA?

• AConjugation
• BSpecialized transduction
• CTranslation
• DTransformation

When oxygen becomes unavailable, this process regenerates NAD+, allowing respiration to continue.

• AGlycolysis
• BChemiosmosis
• CCalvin cycle
• DFermentation

Which of the following options completes the following statement? "The right atrioventricular valve…"

• Ais a semilunar valve
• Bis prevented from everting by papillary muscles.
• Cprevents blood returning from the pulmonary trunk as the heart relaxes.
• Dis open during systole.

Which of the following is a property that is shared by Zika fever‚ West Nile fever‚ and malaria?

• AThe pathogens that cause the diseases have developed resistance to antibiotics.
• BThe diseases occur only in individuals who visit or live in tropical countries.
• CThe diseases are caused by viruses.
• DThe pathogens that cause the diseases are primarily transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito.

Which of the following bones develop by endochondral ossification?

• AThe ribs and sternum
• BThe ribs, sternum and clavicle
• CThe ribs
• DThe ribs, sternum, clavicle and vertebrae

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an oligotrophic lake?

• AShallow water
• BSand or gravel bottom
• CHigh altitudes
• DLow nutrient levels

In plants, the tendency of climbing vines to twine their tendrils around a trellis is called

• Ahydrotropism
• Bphototropism
• Cgeotropism
• Dthigmotropism

Male to male transmission is a key feature of which pattern of inheritance?

• AAutosomal dominant
• BX-linked dominant
• CX-linked recessive
• DAutosomal recessive

Viral transduction is the process by which viruses carry bacterial DNA from one bacterial cell to another. In what way does this process play a role in bacterial evolution?

• ABy increasing genetic variation of the bacteria
• BBy directly creating new species of bacteria
• CBy making the bacterial cell more resistant to predators
• DBy selecting for viruses better able to infect bacteria

In the process of generating ATP, hydrogen ions (H+, or protons) are transported across the inner mitochondrial membrane and the thylakoid membrane by a proton pump (an ATPase). You would expect to find similar proton pumps in the plasma membranes of

• Amammalian muscle cells
• Bplants and fungi
• Cbacteria
• Dmammalian nerve cells

A marine ecosystem region characterized by penetrance of solar radiation and upwelling of nutrients is the

• Abenthyl zone
• Bpelagic zone
• Cbathyl zone
• Dneritic zone

Which of the following is true of organisms belonging to the kingdom Protista?

• AThey possess cell walls composed of peptidoglycan.
• BThey are heterotrophic.
• CThey include the cyanobacteria.
• DThey are eukaryotic.

An animal cell that is permeable to water but not salts has an internal NaCl concentration of 10%. If placed in freshwater the cell will

• Aendocytose water into a large central vacuole
• Bplasmolyze
• Cswell and eventually lyse
• Dshrivel

The coronal suture joins the

• Aparietal, squamous temporal and greater wing of the sphenoid.
• Bleft and right parietal bones.
• Cfrontal and parietal bones.
• Dparietal and occipital bones.

Which orbital wall is most likely to collapse in a 'blow out' fracture?

• AThe floor
• BThe medial wall
• CThe lateral wall
• DThe roof

Which of the following karyotypes is diagnostic of Down syndrome

• A45,XX,rob,(14;21)(q10;q10)
• B47,XY,+13
• C46,XY,t(2;3)(q21;q12)
• D46,XX,der(14;21)(q10;q10)pat+21

X-chromosome inactivation

• Aresults in genetically turning off one of the two X chromosomes in female mammals
• Boccurs in fruit flies but not in mammals
• Cis the cause of the Y chromosome being genetically inactive
• Dtakes place in humans so that the same X chromosome is inactive in all of the cells of a female

All of the following statements are true EXCEPT

• Aepinephrine increases blood sugar levels and heart rate
• Binsulin decreases storage of glycogen
• Cthyroxine increases the rate of metabolism
• Dvasopressin stimulates water reabsorption in the kidney

How do cyanobacteria differ from green unicellular algae?

• ACyanobacteria have no nuclei.
• BCyanobacteria lack cell walls.
• CCyanobacteria reduce sulfur compounds.
• DGreen algae produce cell membranes.

Which of the following structures accompany the oesophagus through the diaphragm?

• AThe sympathetic trunks
• BThe splanchnic nerves
• CThe vagus nerves
• DThe phrenic nerves

An animal that is harmless copies the appearance of an animal that is dangerous as a defense mechanism to make predators think twice about attacking.

• AAposomatic coloration
• BBatesian mimicry
• CDeceptive markings
• DCryptic coloration

The endocrine system maintains homeostasis using many feedback mechanisms. Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?

• AInfant suckling causes a mother's brain to release oxytocin, which in turn stimulates milk production.
• BWhen ATP is abundant the rate of glycolysis decreases.
• CAn enzyme is allosterically inhibited by the product of the reaction it catalyzes.
• DWhen blood sugar levels decrease to normal after a meal, insulin is no longer secreted.

All of the following statements are correct regarding alleles EXCEPT

• Aa gene can have more than two alleles
• Balleles are found on corresponding loci of homologous chromosomes
• Can individual with two identical alleles is said to be heterozygous with respect to that gene
• Dalleles are alternative forms of the same gene

The normal pH of the cytosol is about 7.2. Most enzymes in the lysosome, however, are only active at a pH of 5. This suggests that

• Aprotons are actively pumped into the lysosome
• Bmost enzymes in the lysosome are incapable of catalyzing substrates inside the lysosome
• Cenzymes in the lysosome are released to the cytosol
• Donly acidic substances can undergo enzymatic processing in lysosomes

A plant that possesses swimming sperm, xylem with tracheids, independent gametophyte and sporophyte phases, and no seeds is probably most closely related to

• Apines
• Bmosses
• Cliverworts
• Dferns

The mucosa of the upper larynx is innervated by the

• Aexternal laryngeal nerve which is the afferent limb of the cough reflex.
• Bexternal laryngeal nerve which is the afferent limb of the gag reflex.
• Cinternal laryngeal nerve which is the afferent limb of the gag reflex.
• Dinternal laryngeal nerve which is the afferent limb of the cough reflex.

Which of the following substances is found in greater quantity in exhaled air?

• AOxygen
• BCarbon monoxide
• CNitrogen
• DCarbon dioxide

An increase in the inbreeding coefficient, F, is likely to result in:

• Ahigher proportion of genes that show linkage
• Bhigher level of difference between RNA molecules in two daughter cells
• Creduced likelihood of heterozygotes being present in a population
• Dhigher proportion of genes with introns

Which of the following disorders does not show X-linked inheritance?

• AHaemophilia B
• BTay-Sachs disease
• CDuchenne muscular dystrophy
• DHaemophilia A

A researcher conducts a survey of a biome and finds 35 percent more species than she has found in any other biome. Which biome is she most likely to be in?

• ATiaga
• BTemperate deciduous forest
• CTropical rainforest
• DTundra

Keystone species are thought to have profound effects on the structure and composition of ecological communities because they

• Acan prevent superior competitors from driving inferior competitors to local extinction
• Bare more abundant than most other species in their communities
• Ctend to reduce diversity by eliminating food resources for other species
• Dprovide the foundation for food webs

Which of the following statements about lipids is correct?

• AUnsaturated fatty acids are linked to heart disease.
• BLipids make up most cell surface receptors.
• CSteroids are lipids that consist of glycerol and fatty acids.
• DPhospholipids are water soluble.

Which of the following characteristics distinguishes angiosperms from gymnosperms?

• APerennial growth
• BApical growth
• CSeeds enclosed in ovaries
• DTrue roots

Members of which of the following groups are most likely to be surrounded by a protein coat?

• ABacteria
• BEukaryotes
• CArchaea
• DViruses

Which of the following is known to be involved in the photoperiodic flowering response of angiosperms?

• AAuxin
• BGibberellins
• CCytochrome
• DPhytochrome

If the frequency of males affected with an X-linked recessive condition in a human population is .10 (one in ten), what will be the expected frequency of affected females?

• A0.0001
• B0.01
• C0.001
• D0.02

Hawkmoths are insects that are similar in appearance and behavior to hummingbirds. Which of the following is LEAST valid?

• AThese organisms have analogous structures.
• BThese organisms are examples of convergent evolution.
• CThese organisms are genetically related to each other.
• DThese organisms were subjected to similar environmental conditions.

The first point of entry of water at the roots of a monocot plant is through the cytoplasm of cells of the

• Aroot cap
• Bendoderm
• Cpericycle
• DCasparian strip

In cells, which of the following can catalyze reactions involving hydrogen peroxide, provide cellular energy, and make proteins, in that order?

• APeroxisomes, mitochondria, and lysosomes
• BPeroxisomes, mitochondria, and Golgi apparatus
• CLysosomes, chloroplasts, and ribosomes
• DPeroxisomes, mitochondria, and ribosomes

Crop rotation is the successive planting of different crops on the same land in sequential seasons. Which of the following statements summarizes the most likely benefits of this practice?

• AIt allows the hybridization of successive crops and the development of newer varieties of crop plants.
• BIt increases crop yields and soil fertility and minimizes pathogen infection and pest infestation.
• CIt decreases the need for diverse harvesting equipment and minimizes production costs.
• DIt allows the farmer to plant the crops with the greatest demand in the marketplace.